Sol 4439: Right Navigation Camera stitch

Sol 4439: Right Navigation Camera stitch

Images taken by NAV_RIGHT_B onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4439 (2025-01-31T05:57:02.000Z) to (2025-01-31T05:57:50.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4439: Right Navigation Camera stitch

Images taken by NAV_RIGHT_B onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4439 (2025-01-31T05:45:29.000Z) to (2025-01-31T06:06:38.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4437: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

 

Sol 4437: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4437 (2025-01-29T02:06:31.000Z) to (2025-01-29T02:08:51.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4437: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

 

Sol 4437: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4437 (2025-01-29T04:29:21.000Z) to (2025-01-29T04:32:23.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4437: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4437 (2025-01-29T04:27:08.000Z) to (2025-01-29T04:28:49.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4435: Left Navigation Camera stitch

 

Sol 4435: Left Navigation Camera stitch

Images taken by NAV_LEFT_B onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4435 (2025-01-27T02:44:34.000Z) to (2025-01-27T02:46:34.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Mars Perseverance Sol 1400: Right & Left Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

 

Mars Perseverance Sol 1400: Right & Left Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired these images using its Right & Left Mastcam-Z camera. Mastcam-Z is a pair of cameras located high on the rover's mast.

Images acquired on Jan. 27, 2025 (Sol 1400) at the local mean solar time of 13:05:21.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4434: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

 

Sol 4434: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4434 (2025-01-25T22:51:50.000Z) to (2025-01-25T22:52:31.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4434: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4434 (2025-01-25T23:03:17.000Z) to (2025-01-25T23:07:16.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Mars Perseverance Sol 1399: Right Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

Mars Perseverance Sol 1399: Right Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired these images using its Right Mastcam-Z camera. Mastcam-Z is a pair of cameras located high on the rover's mast.

Images acquired on Jan. 26, 2025 (Sol 1399) at the local mean solar time of 12:03:35 to 12:11:07.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

https://www.gigapan.org/gigapans/236642

Sol 4432: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Sol 4432: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4432 (2025-01-24T02:05:59.000Z) to (2025-01-24T02:09:06.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4432: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4432 (2025-01-24T02:03:49.000Z) to (2025-01-24T02:05:32.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Mars Perseverance Sol 1398: Left Navigation Camera (Navcam)

 

Mars Perseverance Sol 1398: Left Navigation Camera (Navcam)

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired this image using its onboard Left Navigation Camera (Navcam). The camera is located high on the rover's mast and aids in driving.

This image was acquired on Jan. 25, 2025 (Sol 1398) at the local mean solar time of 17:47:57.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Edited by Barley Culiner with GIMP

Mars Perseverance Sol 1395: Right Navigation Camera (Navcam) stitch

 

Mars Perseverance Sol 1395: Right Navigation Camera (Navcam) stitch

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired these images using its onboard Right Navigation Camera (Navcam). The camera is located high on the rover's mast and aids in driving.

Images acquired on Jan. 22, 2025 (Sol 1395)

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Mars Perseverance Sol 1395: Right Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

Mars Perseverance Sol 1395: Right Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired these images using its Right Mastcam-Z camera. Mastcam-Z is a pair of cameras located high on the rover's mast.

Images acquired on Jan. 22, 2025 (Sol 1395) at the local mean solar time of 11:28:00 to 11:32:21.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

full size image: https://i.imghippo.com/files/JKX2742ewg.jpg

https://www.gigapan.org/gigapans/236614

Sol 4428: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Sol 4428: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4428 (2025-01-19T18:17:48.000Z) to (2025-01-19T18:19:18.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4428: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4428 (2025-01-19T18:19:49.000Z) to (2025-01-19T18:21:52.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4429: Left Navigation Camera stitch

 

Sol 4429: Left Navigation Camera stitch

Images taken by NAV_LEFT_B onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4429 (2025-01-20T23:06:11.000Z) to (2025-01-20T23:07:55.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4427: Chemistry & Camera (ChemCam) stitch

 

Sol 4427: Chemistry & Camera (ChemCam) stitch

Images taken by CHEMCAM_RMI onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4427 (2025-01-18T17:38:00.000Z) to (2025-01-18T17:49:41.000Z)

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4425: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

 

Sol 4425: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4425 (2025-01-16T18:24:18.000Z) to (2025-01-16T18:32:35.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4425: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

 

Sol 4425: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4425 (2025-01-16T21:18:58.000Z) to (2025-01-16T21:21:59.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4425: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4425 (2025-01-16T21:17:06.000Z) to (2025-01-16T21:18:25.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4425: Right Navigation Camera stitch

 

Sol 4425: Right Navigation Camera stitch

Images taken by NAV_RIGHT_B onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4425 (2025-01-16T21:00:22.000Z) to (2025-01-16T21:00:46.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Mars Perseverance Sol 1382: Left & Right Navigation Camera (Navcam) stitch

 

Mars Perseverance Sol 1382: Left & Right Navigation Camera (Navcam) stitch

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired these images using its onboard Left & Right Navigation Camera (Navcam). The camera is located high on the rover's mast and aids in driving.

Images acquired on Jan. 8, 2025 (Sol 1382) at the local mean solar time of 09:26:08.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4417: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Sol 4417: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4417 (2025-01-08T11:17:38.000Z) to (2025-01-08T11:18:50.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4417: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4417 (2025-01-08T11:19:23.000Z) to (2025-01-08T11:19:48.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4417: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4417 (2025-01-08T11:20:28.000Z) to (2025-01-08T11:20:40.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4417: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

 

Sol 4417: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4417 (2025-01-08T14:39:01.000Z) to (2025-01-08T14:40:40.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4417: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4417 (2025-01-08T14:41:16.000Z) to (2025-01-08T14:44:24.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

BepiColombo Mercury

Mercury

BepiColombo

https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/BepiColombo

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032063316304688?via%3Dihub

MISSION	HOST	INSTRUMENT	PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR(S)
BepiColombo	MMO	MDM	H. Shibata (Kyoto University, Japan)
		MGF	W. Baumjohann (Austrian Space Science, Austria), A. Matsuoka (ISAS, JAXA, Japan)
		MPPE	Y. Saito (ISAS, Japan), M. Hirahara (Japan), J-A Sauvaud (IRAP, France), A. Coates (MSSL / UCL, UK), D. Delcourt (France)
		MSASI	I. Yoshikawa (University of Tokyo, Japan), O. Korablev (IKI, Russia)
		PWI	Y. Kasaba (Tohoku University, Japan), H. Kojima (Kyoto University, Japan), S. Yagitani (Kanazawa University, Japan), J.-L. Bougeret (Observatoire de Paris, France), L. Blomberg (KTH, Sweden), H. Matsumoto (Kyoto University, Japan)
	MPO	BELA	N. Thomas (University of Bern, Switzerland), T. Spohn (DLR, Germany)
		ISA	V. Iafolla (INAF-IAPS, Italy)
		MAG	D. Heyner (TU Braunschweig, Germany), C. Carr (Imperial College London, UK)
		MERTIS	H. Hiesinger (University of Münster, Germany), J. Helbert (DLR, Germany)
		MGNS	I. Mitrofanov (IKI, Russia), L. Gurtvits (JIVE, The Netherlands)
		MIXS	E. Bunce (University of Leicester, UK), K. Muinonen (University of Helsinki, Finland)
		MORE	L. Iess (University of Rome, Italy), S. Asmar (JPL, USA)
		PHEBUS	E. Quemerais (LATMOS, France), S. Okano (Tohoku University, Japan), O. Korablev (IKI, Russia)
		SERENA	S. Orsini (INAF-IAPS, Italy), S. A. Livi (SWRI, USA), S. Barabash (IRF, Sweden), H. Lichtenegger (Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austria)
		SIMBIO-SYS	G. Cremonese (INAF, Italy), F. Capaccioni (INAF-IAPS, Italy), P. Palumbo (INAF, Italy), Y. Langevin (IAS, France), A. Doressoundiram (LESIA, France)
		SIXS	Emilia Kilpua (University of Helsinki, Finland), M. Grande (Aberystwyth University, UK)

Sol 4416: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

 

Sol 4416: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4416 (2025-01-07T12:38:05.000Z) to (2025-01-07T12:42:16.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4416: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4416 (2025-01-07T12:43:21.000Z) to (2025-01-07T12:46:10.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Mars Perseverance Sol 1381: Right Mastcam-Z Camera

likely desert varnish colony

cyanobacteria or a similar desert varnish microorganism

Mars Perseverance Sol 1381: Right Mastcam-Z Camera

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired this image using its Right Mastcam-Z camera. Mastcam-Z is a pair of cameras located high on the rover's mast.

This image was acquired on Jan. 7, 2025 (Sol 1381) at the local mean solar time of 11:29:32.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

Mars Perseverance Sol 1381: Right Mastcam-Z Camera

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired this image using its Right Mastcam-Z camera. Mastcam-Z is a pair of cameras located high on the rover's mast.

This image was acquired on Jan. 7, 2025 (Sol 1381) at the local mean solar time of 11:25:05.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

--------

Biological and organic constituents of desert varnish: Review and new hypotheses https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253348135_Biological_and_organic_constituents_of_desert_varnish_Review_and_new_hypotheses

https://www.nps.gov/articles/desertvarnish.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert_varnish

OCCURRENCE OF ROCK VARNISH AT YUNGAY, ATACAMA DESERT, CHILE. https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2007/pdf/2251.pdf

Evidence of a microbial community associated with rock varnish at Yungay, Atacama Desert, Chile https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2007JG000677

Life on the Edge: Microbes in Rock Varnish https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1570605

Mars Perseverance Sol 1381: Right & Left Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

 

Mars Perseverance Sol 1381: Right & Left Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired these images using its Right & Left Mastcam-Z camera. Mastcam-Z is a pair of cameras located high on the rover's mast.

Images acquired on Jan. 7, 2025 (Sol 1381) at the local mean solar time of 16:04:36.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Mars Perseverance Sol 1380: Right & Left Mastcam-Z Camera

 

Mars Perseverance Sol 1380: Right & Left Mastcam-Z Camera

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired these images using its Right & Left Mastcam-Z camera. Mastcam-Z is a pair of cameras located high on the rover's mast.

Images acquired on Jan. 6, 2025 (Sol 1380) at the local mean solar time of 14:21:29.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Sol 4414: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

 

Sol 4414: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4414 (2025-01-05T12:08:29.000Z) to (2025-01-05T12:11:32.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4414: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_LEFT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4414 (2025-01-05T12:06:23.000Z) to (2025-01-05T12:08:03.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4414: Left Navigation Camera stitch

 

Sol 4414: Left Navigation Camera stitch

Images taken by NAV_LEFT_B onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4414 (2025-01-05T12:18:38.000Z) to (2025-01-05T12:19:55.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4414: Left Navigation Camera stitch

Images taken by NAV_LEFT_B onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4414 (2025-01-05T11:58:02.000Z) to (2025-01-05T12:15:47.000Z)

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Mars Perseverance Sol 1374: Left & Right Mastcam-Z Camera

 

Mars Perseverance Sol 1374: Left & Right Mastcam-Z Camera

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired this image using its Left & Right Mastcam-Z camera. Mastcam-Z is a pair of cameras located high on the rover's mast.

This image was acquired on Dec. 31, 2024 (Sol 1374) at the local mean solar time of 11:41:06.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Mars Perseverance Sol 1374: Right Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

Mars Perseverance Sol 1374: Right Mastcam-Z Camera stitch

NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired these images using its Right Mastcam-Z camera. Mastcam-Z is a pair of cameras located high on the rover's mast.

Images acquired on Dec. 31, 2024 (Sol 1374) at the local mean solar time of 11:41:47 to 11:53:00.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP

Sol 4408: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

 

Sol 4408: Mast Camera (Mastcam) stitch

Images taken by MAST_RIGHT onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 4408

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS

Assembled by Barley Culiner with Microsoft ICE

Additional editing with GIMP